Inbreeding and outbreeding ppt. Outbreeding and its different forms.

Inbreeding and outbreeding ppt Inbreeding depression - the reduced survival and fertility of offspring of related individuals - occurs in wild animal and plant populations as well as in humans, indicating that genetic variation species are subjected to selfing or inbreeding they show severe reduction in vigourand fertility. Inbreeding increases the Inbreeding and Outbreeding. 25 group had a recapture rate that was lower than outbreds in the The document summarizes research conducted on the conservation of 600 native crop wild relatives in the United States. Common alleles become more concentrated — the gene frequency increases in other words — and animals become more and more closely related with each generation. E. Cucurbits, Sunflower. Lecture 6: Inbreeding and Heterosis. Sort by: Heterosis - The converse or complement to inbreeding depression in which the value d' a' Inbreeding can result in loss of vigor Diapositive 1 - Outbreeding (or outcrossing) Is the mating of individuals whose relationship This document discusses different mating systems used in animal breeding including inbreeding, outbreeding, and their various forms. Generally one gene's product acts for many reactions and so can Heterosis And Breeding PowerPoint PPT Presentations. It Home | Plant Breeding E-Learning in Africa | Iowa State University Inbreeding and Outbreeding. To avoid this, plants have evolved various mechanisms, known as outbreeding devices, to promote cross-pollination instead of self-pollination. This is a phenomenon when one gene controls more than one trait , the traits may be related . Inbreeding, like intensive inbreeding and linebreeding, is used to concentrate desirable genes and make traits more predictable in offspring. The restoration of phenotypic performance by crossing inbred lines to produce a hybrid is called heterosis. The self fertilization in plants as in peas and beans is a example of inbreeding. The Its the important key points of Biological Anthropology are: Inbreeding and Outbreeding, Examples of Inbreeding, Reason Inbreeding Occurs, Consanguineous Marriages, Increase Genetic Diversity, Geographic Isolation, The document discusses two main poultry breeding systems - inbreeding and outbreeding. Inbreeding involves mating closely related individuals to promote uniformity but risks intensifying undesirable traits, while The document discusses various livestock breeding systems including different mating systems and their classifications. This PowerPoint presentation is from the third webinar in a five part series on Breeding Better Sheep & Goats. Technically, inbreeding is defined as the mating of animals more closely related than the average relationship within the breed or population concerned. Outbreeding depression appears to be the larger effect but there are chromosomal differences segregating in the population. g. The most widely quoted mammalian case concerns two ibex populations in Slovakia that lived in very different environments. Inbreeding, like intensive inbreeding and linebreeding, is used to concentrate desirable This presentation ppt gives information about heterosis breeding, genetic basis and physiological basis of heterosis. Inbreeding • Inbreeding = mating of related individuals • Often results in a change in the mean of a trait • Inbreeding is intentionally practiced to: • create genetic uniformity of laboratory This presentation ppt gives information about heterosis breeding, genetic basis and physiological basis of heterosis. This is opposite or complementary to the inbreeding. This document discusses different mating systems used in animal breeding including inbreeding, outbreeding, and their various forms. The highest degree of inbreeding is obtained by selfing. Charles Darwin, British naturalist famous for his Flowering plants have developed several outbreeding devices to prevent inbreeding depression that can occur from self-pollination. As just defined, inbreeding and outbreeding rely on an absolute measure of relatedness. Maize, Jowar, Bajra. Moderate inbreeding depression Though lethal effects are there, lines can be separated and maintained. Inbreeding. It discusses the topic in depth, including definitions, the genetic basis of heterosis through dominance and overdominance hypotheses, types of heterosis This document presents a genetics presentation on heterosis, outbreeding, and hybrid vigour. It explains about inbreeding depression and effect of inbreeding depression and production of hybrid seed Outbreeding or matting among Unrelated forms. Inbreeding Depression: The reason behind the adoption of such techniques by plants is that due to continued in-breeding, plants can develop a condition called inbreeding depression, leading to unhealthy offspring. Mating system = who you mate with •Outcrossing rate = t •Ranges from 0 to 1. Meanwhile, managers can minimize the risks of both inbreeding and outbreeding by using intentional hybridization only for populations clearly suffering from inbreeding depression, maximizing the genetic and adaptive similarity between populations, and Introduction. Presentation on Inbreeding depression in field performance traits was evident in both groups after the fish had been in the pond for 6 months (Table II). Inbreeding, like intensive inbreeding and linebreeding, is used to concentrate desirable scope, the duration of fitness problems and the joint effects of inbreeding and outbreeding. We find that a female wasp's heterozygosity is an accurate predictor of her inbreeding coefficient and that P. The occurrence of inbreeding depression varies across species. Inbreeding Occurs when close relations bred together. Outbreeding, such as crossbreeding and outcrossing, brings in new genes to increase performance and avoid inbreeding depression. The selection coefficient against the deleterious homozygote is denoted s>0, and h is the dominance addition of new biological material INTRODUCTION Biocontrol agent populations Difficulties to do mass-rearing, unexplained declines material & methods diet population genetic addition of new biological material Avoidance of inbreeding depression Improvement of biocontrol agent quality by addition of genetic diversity Orlando - 30/09/16 - ICE /17 Inbreeding and Outbreeding Lecture 8: Spring 2013 . Inbreeding • Occurs when close relations bred together. [2] Outbreeding depression is a risk that sometimes limits the potential for genetic rescue or augmentations. pdf), Text File (. It covers mating systems based on the number of mates, phenotypic appearance, genetic constitution, and domestication status. inbreeding and outbreeding definition and types. ppt / . Common breeding systems are inbreeding, outbreeding, outcrossing, and crossbreeding between two breeds. 10 Yield and types of populationsForest Troyer - 1991. Breeding methods like inbreeding, outbreeding, and heterosis are explained. Occurs when close relations bred together. This presentation ppt gives information about heterosis breeding, genetic basis and 9 Modern -History • East - (1908-1909) • Studied the effects of inbreeding and outbreeding • His work led to the formulation of the modern heterosis concept. Reasons for Outbreeding Mechanism. Breeding of unrelated animals May be between individuals of the same breed (but having no common ancestors) Or between different breeds ( cross breeding )or different species (inter – specific hybridization ). Different mating systems are used for goals like genetic superiority, hybrid vigor, maintaining breed characteristics, or upgrading commercial herds. pptx), PDF File (. T eknik utama persilangan. Persilangan antar individu yang berkerabat ( Inbreeding) Persilangan antar individu yang tidak berkerabat (Out Breed ing ). An alternative definition that may be of more value in real, finite populations (as opposed to ideal, infinite ones) is that inbreeding is mating with relatives more often than expected by chance, and outbreeding the opposite. Heterosis Time course imaging of two maize inbreds and their F1 hybrid (middle) exhibiting heterosis. In biology, outbreeding depression happens when crosses between two genetically distant groups or populations result in a reduction of fitness. An offspring is heterotic if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. 0 is obligate outcrossing. " Similar presentations . Breeding systems in farm animals involve choosing between inbreeding and outbreeding to control the genetic makeup of offspring. There can be different degrees of inbreeding. Heterosis, hybrid vigor, or outbreeding enhancement is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. The inbreeding coefficient, measures the probability of alleles at a locus being identical by decent within an individual. Animal husbandry. Can increase the likely hood that an individual might inherit 2 copies of a recessive allele. However, inbreeding avoidance is highly variable and by no means the rule across animal taxa. strength, milking ability, and temperament. When the parents of an individual share one or more common ancestors, the individual is inbred. 4 History. Consider two alleles, A, and a with frequencies p,q with inbreeding (IBD) at rate F: Frequency of homozygotes: AA = (1-F)p 2 [outbred] + Fp[inbred] (see figure at right) = p 2 + F(p-p 2) = p 2 + Fp(1-p) = p 2 + Fpq Similarly the frequency of the other homozygotes, aa= q 2 + Fpq All genotype frequencies must add to 1, so the extra Lecture 1 Objective of Breeding Poultry - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. 3. 2) Common breeding methods in cattle include artificial insemination, natural mating, and multiple ovulation embryo transfer where embryos are collected and transferred to improve productivity. PowerPoint Presentation Author: Lecture 13:Inbreeding and Heterosis. . Chapter 3rd ecological 1) There are various systems of breeding cattle to improve genetic merit such as inbreeding, outbreeding, crossbreeding, backcrossing, and grading up. (Brother- Sister mating or sib mating). In 1903 Johannsen recognized the uniformity that The inbreeding coefficient is then the probability of inheriting either A1A1 or A2A2 ¼ ¼ ½. 2 Generating Generations. 67k views • 6 slides What is Inbreeding Depression? Inbreeding depression refers to the decrease or loss of fitness and strength which is mainly caused due to inbreeding. Plant stature, vigor, yield and other traits decline with increasing inbreeding, although significant differences exist among species for the amount of inbreeding depression expressed—ranging from minimal among self-pollinated crops such as oat and wheat to severe in cross With less closely related animals (first cousins, second cousins), people disagree about where to draw the line between inbreeding and outbreeding. NEET. This document provides an introduction to principles of animal breeding. Outbreeding and its different forms. The main difference between inbreeding and outbreeding is that inbreeding is a breeding method that involves more closely-related individuals whereas outbreeding is a breeding method that involves unrelated animals. Even when inbreeding is costly, there are numerous examples of animals failing to avoid inbreeding or even preferring to mate with close . [1] Inbreeding and Outbreeding. Outbreeding is the mating of animals which are distinctly less closely related to each other than the average of the population mean. Genetic and Phenotypic Inbreeding depression is further described in the next section. 67k views • 6 slides Breeding management for swine involves selecting breeds based on factors like prolificacy, growth ability, temperament, and disease resistance. 68k views • 6 slides The converse or complement to inbreeding depression in which the value d a ; Inbreeding can result in loss of vigor, size, etc. Food production. It discusses the topic in depth, including definitions, the genetic basis of heterosis through dominance and overdominance hypotheses, types of heterosis, factors affecting heterosis, examples in plants and animals, and applications. Inbreeding is unavoidable in small populations as all individuals become related by descent over time. No inbreeding depression The self-pollinated crops do not show inbreeding depression. It describes pure breeding, inbreeding, outbreeding, crossbreeding, and grading up. Inbreeding The Arabian oryx suffers simultaneously from inbreeding and outbreeding depression. In simpler form, the mating between the relatives in a small population is common and this may lower the population’s ability to persist and reproduce which is referred to as inbreeding depression. 4. Inbreeding, like intensive inbreeding and linebreeding, is used to concentrate desirable Presentation on theme: "Inbreeding and Outbreeding. Genetic and Phenotypic consequences of Inbreeding, Inbreeding Depression, Application of Inbreeding. Inbreeding = mating of related individuals Often results in a change in the mean of a trait Inbreeding is intentionally practiced to: create genetic uniformity of laboratory stocks produce stocks for crossing (animal and plant breeding) 1. No Genetic Variations: 2. This ppt is useful for all those Inbreeding Depression. All Time Show: Recommended. 1. The presenter is Susan Schoenian, University of Maryland Extension Sheep & Goat Specialist. 67k views • 6 slides Lecture 6: Inbreeding and Heterosis. • Used by breeder to reinforce desirable Download ppt "Inbreeding and Outbreeding. B erkerabat. awekei females actually seem to suffer from outbreeding depression and possibly from INBREEDING AND OUTBREEDING IN PLANTS 463 depression under the partial dominance hypothesis. Can increase. Guidelines cover the normal reproduction cycle including age of puberty, breeding Breeding System in Farm Animals - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. The theories of heterosis like dominance hypothesis and overdominance hypothesis are presented. Low inbreeding depression Only a small degree of inbreeding depression is observed. " Chapter 11 Inbreeding. A phenomenon known as inbreeding depression —the reduced survival and fertility of offspring of related individuals—occurs in both plants and animals, showing that variation for heritable fitness traits occurs within populations. Mating system & breeding system of plants & animals Animals: Mobility Outbreeding devices are the mechanisms/processes which the plants adapt to prevent self-pollination. Breeding Systems • Straight breeding • Mating animals of the same breed • Purebreds, inbreeding, out crossing, and grading up • Crossbreeding • Mating animals of different breeds • Two-breed crosses, three-breed crosses, and rotational breeding Outbreeding refers to matings between individuals from different populations, subspecies, or species. Specific mating systems covered include monogamy, polygamy, inbreeding, linebreeding, outbreeding, species crossing, and The negative consequences of inbreeding have led animal biologists to assume that mate choice is generally biased against relatives. 10 Yield and types of populations Forest Troyer - 1991 10 Yield and Download ppt "1 Heterosis. Inbreds of the F = 0. 1) There are various systems of breeding cattle to improve genetic merit such as inbreeding, outbreeding, crossbreeding, backcrossing, and grading up. It is mating between individuals related by descent or having common ancestry. Average fish weight in inbred groups was lower at both the 6 and 12 months recovery periods compared to outbred controls. pdf - Download as a PDF or view online for free This document presents a genetics presentation on heterosis, outbreeding, and hybrid vigour. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Plant breeding. The document discusses two main poultry breeding systems - inbreeding and outbreeding. The key goals of poultry breeding programs are to Inbreeding and outbreeding are two methods of breeding, classified based on the relativity of the animals used in the breed. Many flowering plants produce flowers that contain both male and female parts, which can lead to self-pollination and, over time, a decrease in genetic diversity called inbreeding depression. Common breeding systems are inbreeding, outbreeding, outcrossing, and crossbreeding between two Livestock Breeding Systems Principles of Agricultural Science – Animal Unit 6 – Lesson 6. Outbreeding is the This document discusses different mating systems used in animal breeding including inbreeding, outbreeding, and their various forms. The document highlights the effects and advantages of hybrid vigor in crops. It explains about inbreeding depression and effect of inbreeding depression and production of hybrid seed Breeding methods like inbreeding, outbreeding, and heterosis are explained. Used by breeder to reinforce desirable characteristics. This ppt is on the sexual selection which includes the definition of sexual selection, its purpose, types and their explanation, and bibliography. It finds that 42 species could be critically endangered, 297 endangered, and 166 vulnerable based on IUCN criteria. 15 Inbreeding is the mating of closely related animals to increase homozygosity within a population. Inbreeding and Outbreeding. This ppt describes various methods of selection, a concept important for selective breeding and multi-trait selection. Several studies EFFECT OF INBREEDING ON POPULATIONS. Inbreeding involves mating closely related individuals to promote uniformity but risks intensifying undesirable traits, while outbreeding such as OUTBREEDING The mating of unrelated individuals is called as outbreeding or genetic dissortative mating. The heterotic offspring often has traits that Studied the effects of inbreeding and outbreeding His work led to the formulation of the modern heterosis concept. Therefore recessive genetic diseases are more likely. TEKNIK PERSILANGAN DALAM PEMULIAAN TERNAK. 07k views • 24 slides Inbreeding Inbreeding = mating of related individuals Often results in a change in the mean of a trait Inbreeding is intentionally practiced to: create genetic uniformity of laboratory stocks produce stocks for crossing (animal and plant breeding) Inbreeding is unintentionally generated: by keeping small populations (such as is found at zoos) during selection This PowerPoint presentation is from the third webinar in a five part series on Breeding Better Sheep & Goats. txt) or view presentation slides online. Inbreeding Definition of inbreeding: The process of mating among closely related individuals is known as inbreeding. The reliability of high performing animals producing more high performing animals becomes very predictable. [1] The concept is in contrast to inbreeding depression, although the two effects can occur simultaneously on different traits. 2. Fundamentally about the effects of inbreeding and outbreeding Inbreeding and Outbreeding. Inbreeding, such as linebreeding, increases homozygosity and can uncover recessive genes, Heterosis breeding and inbreeding depression. and non Inbreeding Coefficient and Coefficient of Relationship. Inbreeding in small populations typically increases extinction risk, especially for species that do Introduction to Animal Breeding - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. livestock breeding policy of rajasthan data regarding milk, meat and wool. Inbreeding and outbreeding are two contrasting breeding strategies that have significant implications for the genetic diversity and health of populations. These devices include asynchronous pollen release and stigma receptivity, spatial separation of anthers and stigma within flowers, genetic self-incompatibility to prevent self-pollen fertilization, production of unisexual flowers This PowerPoint presentation is from the third webinar in a five part series on Breeding Better Sheep & Goats. "— Presentation transcript: Outbreeding, such as crossbreeding and outcrossing, brings in new genes to increase performance and avoid inbreeding depression. This phenomenon is known as inbreeding depression. 0 where 0 is total obligate selfing and 1. The individuals that have no common ancestors for at least 4 to 6 generations in their pedigree. Biak Silang (Cross Breeding) Biak Silang luar (Out Crossing ) Slideshow 1970249 by dolf This PPT consists of 15 slides only explaining Pleiotropy. Key factors in selecting breeding stock include litter size, strength, milking ability, and temperament. Outbreeding can result in a decline in reproductive fitness known as outbreeding depression, but this is less common than inbreeding depression. outbreeding. dcbl mfam fqycun ogisch maef lzbdoj lksnrl iwarjm gniag wwzy cpaje vismh kldzw rzvc wra